Grammatika · C1
Cleft sentences (It is… that…, What I need is…)
Menga kerak bo'lgani — dam olish; Aynan Ali kitobni oldi — gapdagi ta'kid.
Qoida: Cleft sentences
O'zbek tilida biror qismni ta'kidlash uchun 'aynan', '-ku', '-gina' yuklamalari yoki so'z tartibidan foydalanamiz: 'Kitobni aynan Ali oldi'. Ingliz tilida esa gapni ikkiga 'bo'lib', ta'kidlanadigan qismni ajratib qo'yamiz. Buni cleft sentence (bo'lingan gap) deyiladi.
It-cleft: It is/was + ta'kidlanadigan qism + that/who + qolgan qism · Wh-cleft: What + ega + fe'l + is/was + ta'kidlanadigan qism · All-cleft: All I want is...
| Oddiy gap | Cleft gap | Ta'kid |
|---|---|---|
| Ali took the book. | It was Ali who took the book. | kim? — Ali |
| I met her in Bukhara. | It was in Bukhara that I met her. | qayerda? — Buxoro |
| I need a holiday. | What I need is a holiday. | nima? — dam olish |
| He lost his keys. | What happened was (that) he lost his keys. | butun voqea |
| I only want some peace. | All I want is some peace. | faqat shu |
Maslahat: Wh-cleft nutqni tartibga solishga juda qulay: 'What I'd like to talk about is...', 'What we need to consider is...'. IELTS Speaking'da fikrni boshlash uchun foydalaning.
Misollar tarjimasi bilan
- It was my grandmother who taught me to cook.Menga ovqat pishirishni aynan buvim o'rgatgan.
- It is the cost, not the quality, that worries me.Meni sifat emas, aynan narx tashvishlantiradi.
- What surprised me most was the silence.Meni eng ko'p hayratlantirgani — sukunat edi.
- What we should do is talk to the manager.Biz qilishimiz kerak bo'lgan ish — menejer bilan gaplashish.
- All I did was ask a simple question.Men faqat oddiy savol berdim, xolos.
O'zbeklar ko'p qiladigan xatolar
What I need it is more time.What I need is more time.
Wh-cleft da 'is' dan oldin qo'shimcha 'it' kerak emas.
It was Ali which broke the window.It was Ali who broke the window.
Odam haqida — 'who' (yoki 'that'), 'which' emas.
It were the students that complained.It was the students that complained.
It-cleft da doim 'It is / It was' — ko'plik bo'lsa ham.
What I did was I called the police.What I did was call the police.
'What ... did was' dan keyin fe'l V1 (yoki to + V1) bilan keladi, yangi ega kerak emas.
Video dars
Mavzuni video orqali ham ko'ring. Video muallifi: SMASH English - Cambridge English Exam Preparation; tugmani bossangiz, video shu yerda ochiladi.
Videoni ko'rish: Do YOU know your CLEFT SENTENCES?! - Essential English Grammar (B2 First (FCE)/C1 Advanced (CAE))Mavzuga oid so'zlar
| So'z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| emphasise | ta'kidlamoq | What I want to emphasise is the cost. |
| concern | tashvish | It is safety that is our main concern. |
| annoy | jahlini chiqarmoq | What annoys me is the noise. |
| appreciate | qadrlamoq | What I really appreciate is your honesty. |
| point out | ko'rsatib o'tmoq | It was Dilnoza who pointed out the mistake. |
| matter | muhim bo'lmoq | What matters most is your health. |
| blame | ayblamoq | It's the weather that I blame, not the driver. |
| issue | masala, muammo | What we need to discuss is the issue of housing. |
O'zingiz gapirib ko'ring
Ilovada bu vazifalarni ovoz chiqarib yoki yozib bajarasiz, javobingizni AI tekshiradi. Hozir namunaga qarab o'zingiz urinib ko'ring.
Yozing: O'zingizga yoqadigan va yoqmaydigan narsa haqida: 'What I like most about... is...' va 'What I can't stand is...' bilan 2 gap yozing.
Namuna: What I like most about my job is the people. What I can't stand is the traffic on the way there.
Gapiring: Hayotingizga eng ko'p ta'sir qilgan inson haqida 'It was my ... who...' bilan 2 gap ayting.
Namuna: It was my grandfather who taught me to love books. It was also he who encouraged me to learn English.
Yozing: Shahringizdagi asosiy muammoni ta'kidlab yozing: 'What our city needs is...', 'It is ... that...' (3 gap).
Namuna: What Tashkent needs is more green spaces. It is the lack of parks that makes summers so hard. What the authorities should do is plant trees in every district.
Gapiring: IELTS Speaking Part 3: 'What is the most important quality of a good leader?' — cleft gaplar bilan 4 gapda javob bering.
Namuna: In my view, what makes a good leader is honesty. It is not intelligence that people follow, but trust. What a leader must do is keep promises. All people really want is someone they can rely on.
Ustoz bilan: Ustoz fikr va his-tuyg'ularingiz haqida so'raydi — 'What I like most is...', 'It was ... who...' tuzilmalari bilan ta'kidlab javob bering.
Mashq qiling
5 ta savol. Javobni tanlang yoki yozing va «Tekshirish»ni bosing.