IELTS GT Writing Task 1: formal xat namunasi
Formal xat siz tanimaydigan odam yoki tashkilotga yoziladi: do'konga shikoyat, kollejdan ma'lumot so'rash, ishga ariza, kengashga muammo haqida xabar. Savol "Dear Sir or Madam," bilan boshlashni so'raydi. Ohang xushmuomala, aniq va jiddiy: qisqartmalar (I'm, don't) ishlatilmaydi, so'zlashuv iboralari yo'q, har bir fikr aniq faktlar bilan beriladi.
Qadam-baqadam strategiya
- Savolni o'qing va uchta bandni tagiga chizing: har biri xatda alohida abzats bo'ladi. Kimga va nima uchun yozayotganingizni bir so'z bilan aniqlang (shikoyat, so'rov, ariza, xabar).
- Boshlanish: "Dear Sir or Madam," — keyin birinchi gapda maqsadni darhol ayting: "I am writing to complain about..." yoki "I am writing to enquire about...".
- 1-band abzatsi: faktlarni bering — nima, qachon, qayerda (sana, buyurtma raqami, joy nomi). Aniq tafsilot ishonchli ko'rinadi.
- 2-band abzatsi: muammo yoki sababni tushuntiring, uning sizga qanday ta'sir qilganini qo'shing. Hissiyotni xushmuomala tilda bering ("This has caused considerable inconvenience").
- 3-band abzatsi: aniq nima kutayotganingizni ayting (pulni qaytarish, almashtirish, ma'lumot yuborish) va iloji bo'lsa muddat qo'ying.
- Yakun: "I look forward to hearing from you." va "Yours faithfully," + to'liq ismingiz. Oxirida so'z soni va qisqartmalarni tekshiring.
Tuzoqlar va keng tarqalgan xatolar
- "Dear Sir or Madam" bilan boshlab, "Yours sincerely" bilan tugatish. Britaniya qoidasi: ism noma'lum bo'lsa — Yours faithfully; ism ma'lum bo'lsa — Yours sincerely.
- Qisqartmalar va so'zlashuv so'zlari: I'm, can't, gonna, stuff, really bad — formal xatda ohangni buzadi.
- Juda qo'pol yoki tahdidli til ("You must give me my money now or I will go to court!"). Qat'iy bo'lish mumkin, lekin xushmuomalalik saqlanishi kerak.
- Uchinchi bandni (odatda "say what you would like them to do") bir gap bilan o'tkazib yuborish — aniq iltimos bo'lmasa, xat maqsadi to'liq bajarilmaydi.
O'zbek tilida so'zlashuvchilar ko'p qiladigan xatolar
GT Writing bo'limida o'zbek tilida so'zlashuvchilarda ko'p uchraydigan holatlar:
- Ohangni aralashtirish: rasmiy boshlanib, «See ya!» bilan tugaydigan xat.
- Formal xatda qisqartmalar (I'm, don't) ishlatish — ular informal xatga mos.
- Uchta banddan birini tashlab ketish yoki unga bitta gap bilan javob berish.
- O'zbekcha xat odatlarini ko'chirish: uzun salom-alik va duolar o'rniga ingliz tilida xat maqsadi birinchi abzatsda aytiladi.
Foydali iboralar
- I am writing to complain about / to enquire about / to apply for
- I purchased ... from your online store on 3 March (order number ...)
- Unfortunately, ...
- This has caused me considerable inconvenience.
- I would be grateful if you could ...
- I would appreciate it if you could send me further details of ...
- Could you please let me know whether ...
- I would therefore like to request a full refund / a replacement.
- Please find attached ...
- I look forward to hearing from you.
- Yours faithfully,
Namunaviy javob
Task: You recently bought a coffee machine from an online shop, but it stopped working after a week. Write to the shop's customer service department: give details of what you bought and when, describe the problem, say what you would like the shop to do.
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to complain about a coffee machine which I purchased from your website on 12 September. The model was the Brava 300 in silver, and my order number was BR-48217. I paid £129, including next-day delivery.
For the first few days, the machine worked perfectly. However, last Tuesday it suddenly stopped heating the water, and the red warning light now flashes whenever I switch it on. I have followed every step in the troubleshooting section of the manual, including descaling the machine, but the fault remains. As I rely on it every morning before work, this has caused me considerable inconvenience.
Since the machine is clearly faulty and is only a week old, I would be grateful if you could arrange for it to be collected and provide a full refund. Alternatively, I would accept a replacement, provided that it can be delivered within the next seven days. I have kept the original packaging and the receipt, a copy of which is attached.
I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
Daniel Ross
Namuna savollar
Shu ohangdagi xat topshiriqlariga misollar:
You recently bought a coffee machine from an online shop, but it stopped working after a week. Write a letter to the shop's customer service department. In your letter
• give details of what you bought and when
• describe the problem with the machine
• say what you would like the shop to do
Write at least 150 words. You do NOT need to write any addresses. Begin your letter as follows: Dear Sir or Madam,
You have seen an advertisement for an evening photography course at a local college and would like more information. Write a letter to the college. In your letter
• explain why you are interested in the course
• ask about the timetable and the cost
• ask what equipment you need to bring
Write at least 150 words. You do NOT need to write any addresses. Begin your letter as follows: Dear Sir or Madam,
IELTS mock imtihonini ilovada topshiring
TilUstoz ilovasida to'liq IELTS mock testlari, Writing va Speaking javoblaringizni mezonlar bo'yicha baholash hamda sun'iy intellekt Ustoz bilan Speaking mashqlari bor.
Ro'yxatdan o'tib, mock topshirish Darajangizni bepul aniqlang
Mashq: o'zingizni tekshiring
Formal xat uchun eng mos variantni tanlang.
Namunaviy xat bo'yicha: TRUE, FALSE yoki NOT GIVEN?
Bu yerda 4 ta savol berilgan; to'liq mashq (6 ta savol) ilovadagi «Tayyorlanish» bo'limida.
Mashq qiling
4 ta savol. Javobni tanlang yoki yozing va «Tekshirish»ni bosing.