Grammatika · A1
Imperatives: Sit down. / Don't ... / Let's ...
Buyruq, iltimos va taklif: Please sit down. Don't forget. Let's go.
Qoida: Buyruq gaplar (imperative)
O'zbekchada buyruq fe'lning o'zi bilan aytiladi: "O'tiring", "Kiring", "Unutmang". Ingliz tilida ham shunday: gap fe'lning oddiy shakli (V1) bilan boshlanadi, ega (you) aytilmaydi: Sit down. Come in. Inglizchada "sen" va "siz" farqi yo'q: "Sit down" — ham "o'tir", ham "o'tiring". Xushmuomala bo'lish uchun please qo'shiladi.
Buyruq: V1 + ... (Open the door.) · Inkor: Don't + V1 (Don't open the door.) · Taklif: Let's + V1 (Let's open the door.) · Let's not + V1
| Shakl | Ma'nosi | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| V1 ... | buyruq, ko'rsatma | Turn left. |
| Please + V1 / V1 ..., please | xushmuomala iltimos | Please sit down. / Sit down, please. |
| Don't + V1 | ...ma, ...mang | Don't forget your passport. |
| Let's + V1 | keling, ...aylik | Let's go to the park. |
| Let's not + V1 | keling, ...maylik | Let's not take a taxi. |
Buyruq gap ko'p joyda kerak bo'ladi: yo'l ko'rsatishda (Go straight, turn left), mehmon kutishda (Come in, sit down, help yourself), ko'rsatmalarda (Open your books) va ogohlantirishda (Be careful! Don't touch it!). Sifat (quiet, late, careful) bilan be fe'li kerak: Be quiet. Don't be late.
Maslahat: please gap boshida yoki oxirida keladi: Please close the door. / Close the door, please. Inglizlar uchun please'siz buyruq qo'pol eshitiladi, shuning uchun notanish odamga doim please qo'shing.
Misollar tarjimasi bilan
- Come in, please.Kiring, marhamat.
- Please sit down.Iltimos, o'tiring.
- Go straight and turn left.To'g'riga yuring va chapga buriling.
- Don't forget your umbrella.Soyabonni unutmang.
- Don't be late!Kechikmang!
- Let's have lunch together.Keling, birga tushlik qilaylik.
O'zbeklar ko'p qiladigan xatolar
You sit down, please.Sit down, please.
Buyruq gapda 'you' odatda aytilmaydi — fe'l bilan boshlang.
Not forget your keys.Don't forget your keys.
Inkor buyruq 'Don't' bilan yasaladi; 'not' yolg'iz kelmaydi.
Don't late!Don't be late!
late — sifat, shuning uchun 'be' kerak: Don't be late. Be careful.
Let's to go home.Let's go home.
Let's dan keyin 'to' qo'yilmaydi, fe'l oddiy shaklda.
Let's don't wait.Let's not wait.
Let's ning inkori — Let's not.
Video dars
Mavzuni video orqali ham ko'ring. Video muallifi: IBRAT FARZANDLARI; tugmani bossangiz, video shu yerda ochiladi.
Videoni ko'rish: Imperatives. Buyruq, iltimos | 11-dars | Ingliz tili so'zlashuv
Videoni ko'rish: Let’s - …lik/Keling… | 13-dars | Ingliz tili so'zlashuvMavzuga oid so'zlar
| So'z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| sit down | o'tirmoq | Please sit down. |
| come in | kirmoq | Come in, please. |
| turn left | chapga burilmoq | Turn left at the bank. |
| go straight | to'g'riga yurmoq | Go straight for two minutes. |
| forget | unutmoq | Don't forget your keys. |
| careful | ehtiyotkor | Be careful! The floor is wet. |
| wait | kutmoq | Wait here, please. |
| help yourself | o'zingiz oling, tortinmang | Help yourself to the fruit. |
O'zingiz gapirib ko'ring
Ilovada bu vazifalarni ovoz chiqarib yoki yozib bajarasiz, javobingizni AI tekshiradi. Hozir namunaga qarab o'zingiz urinib ko'ring.
Yozing: Uyingizga mehmon keldi. Unga 2 ta iltimos yozing — Please + fe'l yoki fe'l + please.
Namuna: Come in, please. Please sit down and have some tea.
Gapiring: Uyingizdan eng yaqin do'konga yo'lni tushuntiring — Go / Turn / Walk buyruqlari bilan.
Namuna: Go out of the building and turn right. Walk for five minutes, and the shop is on the left.
Yozing: Ertaga sayohatga ketayotgan do'stingizga 3 ta eslatma yozing — kamida bittasi Don't bilan bo'lsin.
Namuna: Take your passport. Don't forget your phone charger. Don't be late for the train.
Gapiring: Dam olish kuni uchun do'stingizga 3 ta taklif ayting — Let's va Let's not bilan.
Namuna: Let's go to the mountains on Sunday. Let's take some food with us. Let's not go by car, the bus is cheaper.
Ustoz bilan: Ustoz sizdan yo'l so'raydi, mehmonga nima deyishingizni va dam olish rejalaringizni so'raydi — buyruq gap, Don't va Let's bilan javob bering.
Mashq qiling
5 ta savol. Javobni tanlang yoki yozing va «Tekshirish»ni bosing.