Grammatika · B1
Passive voice: present and past simple
English is spoken here · The bridge was built in 1990 — majhul nisbat.
Qoida: Passive voice (majhul nisbat)
Majhul nisbat (passive) ishni kim qilgani muhim bo'lmaganda yoki noma'lum bo'lganda ishlatiladi. Diqqat ish bajaruvchiga emas, ishning o'ziga va obyektga qaratiladi. O'zbekchada '-il/-in' qo'shimchasi: 'qurildi', 'yoziladi', 'sotiladi'.
Present: am/is/are + V3 · Past: was/were + V3 · ijrochi kerak bo'lsa: + by ... (The book was written by Navoi.)
| Active | Passive | Zamon |
|---|---|---|
| They make cars in Asaka. | Cars are made in Asaka. | Present Simple |
| Someone cleans the room every day. | The room is cleaned every day. | Present Simple |
| They built the school in 1995. | The school was built in 1995. | Past Simple |
| The police caught the thieves. | The thieves were caught (by the police). | Past Simple |
Inkor va savol be fe'li orqali: The letter wasn't sent. Was the letter sent? Where is cotton grown? 'By' faqat ijrochi muhim yoki yangi ma'lumot bo'lsa qo'shiladi; 'by people', 'by someone' kabi keraksiz ijrochi tashlab ketiladi.
Maslahat: Passive'ni yangiliklar, ilmiy matnlar va e'lonlarda tez-tez uchratasiz: Smoking is not allowed. The road was closed. Noto'g'ri fe'llarning V3 shaklini yodlang — passive shunga bog'liq.
Misollar tarjimasi bilan
- Cotton is grown in Uzbekistan.O'zbekistonda paxta yetishtiriladi.
- This mosque was built in the 15th century.Bu masjid XV asrda qurilgan.
- The windows are cleaned once a month.Derazalar oyda bir marta tozalanadi.
- My bag was stolen at the station.Bekatda sumkam o'g'irlandi.
- Was the meeting cancelled? — Yes, it was.Yig'ilish bekor qilindimi? — Ha.
O'zbeklar ko'p qiladigan xatolar
The house built in 1980.The house was built in 1980.
Passive'da 'be' fe'li shart: was built.
English is speak in many countries.English is spoken in many countries.
Be dan keyin V3 kerak: speak — spoke — spoken.
The letters was sent yesterday.The letters were sent yesterday.
Ko'plik ega (letters) bilan 'were'.
This book was written from Abdulla Qodiriy.This book was written by Abdulla Qodiriy.
Ijrochi 'by' bilan beriladi, 'from' emas.
Video dars
Mavzuni video orqali ham ko'ring. Video muallifi: IBRAT FARZANDLARI; tugmani bossangiz, video shu yerda ochiladi.
Videoni ko'rish: Passive Voice | 21-dars | Ingliz tilini 0 dan o'rganishMavzuga oid so'zlar
| So'z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| build | qurmoq | The new hospital was built last year. |
| grow | yetishtirmoq, o'stirmoq | Apples are grown in the Fergana Valley. |
| produce | ishlab chiqarmoq | These cars are produced in Asaka. |
| invent | ixtiro qilmoq | The telephone was invented in 1876. |
| cancel | bekor qilmoq | The flight was cancelled because of the snow. |
| injure | jarohatlamoq | Nobody was injured in the fire. |
| deliver | yetkazib bermoq | The parcel was delivered this morning. |
| allow | ruxsat bermoq | Phones are not allowed in the exam room. |
O'zingiz gapirib ko'ring
Ilovada bu vazifalarni ovoz chiqarib yoki yozib bajarasiz, javobingizni AI tekshiradi. Hozir namunaga qarab o'zingiz urinib ko'ring.
Yozing: Mamlakatingizda nimalar yetishtiriladi yoki ishlab chiqariladi? Present passive (is/are + V3) bilan 2 ta gap yozing.
Namuna: Melons are grown in Khorezm. Cars are produced in Asaka.
Gapiring: Shahringizdagi mashhur bino yoki joy haqida ayting: qachon va kim tomonidan qurilgan — was built (by ...) ishlating.
Namuna: The Registan was built in the 15th to 17th centuries. The Tashkent TV Tower was built in 1985.
Yozing: Maktabingiz yoki ish joyingizdagi qoidalar: nimaga ruxsat berilmaydi, nima har kuni qilinadi? 3 ta passive gap yozing.
Namuna: Phones are not allowed in class. The classrooms are cleaned every evening. Lunch is served at one o'clock.
Gapiring: Sevimli kitob, film yoki qo'shiq haqida ayting: kim tomonidan yozilgan/suratga olingan, qachon chiqarilgan — passive ishlating.
Namuna: My favourite book is 'Days Gone By'. It was written by Abdulla Qodiriy. It was published in 1926.
Ustoz bilan: Ustoz shahringiz, mamlakatingiz, mashhur binolar va ixtirolar haqida so'raydi — javoblaringizda passive (is made, was built) ishlating.
Mashq qiling
5 ta savol. Javobni tanlang yoki yozing va «Tekshirish»ni bosing.