Grammatika · B2
Third Conditional
If I had studied, I would have passed — o'tmishdagi bo'lmagan shart va afsus.
Qoida: Third Conditional
Uchinchi shart gap o'tmishda sodir bo'lmagan, endi o'zgartirib bo'lmaydigan vaziyatni tasavvur qiladi. O'zbekcha: 'Agar o'qiganimda, imtihondan o'tgan bo'lardim' (lekin o'qimadim va o'tmadim). Ingliz tilida: If I had studied, I would have passed. Ko'pincha afsus, tanqid yoki 'yaxshiyamki' ma'nosida ishlatiladi.
If + had + V3, ... would have + V3 · Ehtimol: could have / might have + V3 · Tartib almashsa vergul yo'q: I would have passed if I had studied.
| Shart turi | Tuzilishi | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| 1-shart (real kelajak) | If + Present, will + V1 | If it rains, I will stay home. |
| 2-shart (hozirgi xayol) | If + Past, would + V1 | If I had money, I would buy it. |
| 3-shart (o'tmish xayol) | If + had V3, would have V3 | If I had known, I would have come. |
Muhim: 'if' qismida hech qachon 'would' ishlatilmaydi. Og'zaki nutqda qisqartmalar: If I'd known, I'd have helped. Bu yerda birinchi 'd = had, ikkinchi 'd = would.
Maslahat: IELTS Speakingda o'tmishdagi tanlov haqida gapirganda (If I hadn't chosen this university, I would never have met my best friend) uchinchi shart yuqori ball beradi.
Misollar tarjimasi bilan
- If you had told me, I would have helped you.Agar menga aytganingizda, sizga yordam bergan bo'lardim.
- If we hadn't missed the bus, we wouldn't have been late.Avtobusga ulgurganimizda, kechikmagan bo'lardik.
- She might have got the job if she had prepared better.Yaxshiroq tayyorlanganida, u ishga olinishi mumkin edi.
- What would you have done if you had lost your passport?Pasportingizni yo'qotganingizda nima qilgan bo'lardingiz?
- If I'd known about the traffic, I'd have left earlier.Tirbandlikni bilganimda, ertaroq chiqqan bo'lardim.
O'zbeklar ko'p qiladigan xatolar
If I would have known, I would have come.If I had known, I would have come.
'if' qismida 'would' ishlatilmaydi — had + V3.
If I had studied, I would pass the exam.If I had studied, I would have passed the exam.
O'tmishdagi natija uchun 'would have + V3' kerak, 'would + V1' emas.
If he had came earlier, he would have seen her.If he had come earlier, he would have seen her.
'had' dan keyin V3: come (came emas).
If I knew it yesterday, I would have helped.If I had known it yesterday, I would have helped.
O'zbekchadagi '-ganimda' o'tmishga oid — inglizchada Past Simple emas, Past Perfect.
Video dars
Mavzuni video orqali ham ko'ring. Video muallifi: mmmEnglish; tugmani bossangiz, video shu yerda ochiladi.
Videoni ko'rish: Third Conditional Sentences + Examples | English Grammar LessonMavzuga oid so'zlar
| So'z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| regret | afsuslanmoq; afsus | I regret it — if I had listened, I would have known. |
| miss | o'tkazib yubormoq, ulgurmay qolmoq | If we had hurried, we wouldn't have missed the flight. |
| oversleep | uxlab qolmoq | If I hadn't overslept, I would have been on time. |
| chance | imkoniyat | If I had had the chance, I would have studied abroad. |
| warn | ogohlantirmoq | If you had warned me, I would have been careful. |
| avoid | oldini olmoq, chetlab o'tmoq | We could have avoided the accident if we had slowed down. |
| decision | qaror | If I had made a different decision, my life would have changed. |
| lucky | omadli | We were lucky — if it had rained, the trip would have been ruined. |
O'zingiz gapirib ko'ring
Ilovada bu vazifalarni ovoz chiqarib yoki yozib bajarasiz, javobingizni AI tekshiradi. Hozir namunaga qarab o'zingiz urinib ko'ring.
Yozing: O'tmishdagi bitta xatoyingiz haqida yozing: agar boshqacha qilganingizda nima bo'lardi? (If + had V3, would have V3)
Namuna: If I had studied harder at school, I would have got a better result. If I hadn't stayed up late, I wouldn't have been so tired.
Gapiring: Hayotingizdagi bitta omadli tasodifni aytib bering va u bo'lmaganida nima bo'lishini tasavvur qiling (If ... hadn't ..., ... wouldn't have ...).
Namuna: I met my best friend on a bus. If I hadn't missed my usual bus that day, I would never have met him.
Yozing: Universitet yoki kasb tanlovingiz haqida yozing: boshqa yo'lni tanlaganingizda nima o'zgargan bo'lardi? (would/might/could have + V3)
Namuna: I chose to study economics. If I had chosen medicine, I would have studied for seven years. I might have become a surgeon, but I wouldn't have met my wife.
Gapiring: Tarixiy voqea yoki shahringiz tarixi haqida 'agar ... bo'lmaganida' deb fikr yuriting (3-shart gap).
Namuna: If the Silk Road hadn't passed through Samarkand, the city wouldn't have become so rich. It might have stayed a small town. Many scholars wouldn't have come there.
Ustoz bilan: Ustoz o'tmishdagi qarorlar va voqealar haqida 'What would have happened if...?' deb so'raydi — If + had V3, would have V3 bilan javob bering.
Mashq qiling
5 ta savol. Javobni tanlang yoki yozing va «Tekshirish»ni bosing.