Grammatika · B2
Wish and If only
I wish I had more time; if only I hadn't said that — orzu va afsusni ifodalash.
Qoida: Wish va If only
O'zbekchada 'Qani endi vaqtim ko'proq bo'lsa!' yoki 'Koshki o'sha gapni aytmagan bo'lsam' deymiz. Ingliz tilida 'wish' va 'if only' dan keyin zamon bir qadam orqaga suriladi: hozirgi holat haqida — Past Simple, o'tmish haqida — Past Perfect. 'If only' ma'nosi bir xil, faqat kuchliroq hissiyotni bildiradi.
| Nima haqida | Tuzilishi | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| Hozirgi holat (o'zgarmaydigan) | wish + Past Simple | I wish I lived near the sea. |
| Hozir qila olmaslik | wish + could + V1 | I wish I could drive. |
| O'tmishdagi afsus | wish + had + V3 | I wish I hadn't eaten so much. |
| Boshqaning xatti-harakatidan norozilik | wish + someone + would + V1 | I wish you would stop talking. |
'wish' dan keyin 'be' fe'li bilan rasmiy uslubda barcha shaxslar uchun 'were' ishlatiladi: I wish I were taller. Og'zaki nutqda 'was' ham uchraydi. O'zingiz haqingizda 'I wish I would...' deyilmaydi — 'I wish I could...'.
Maslahat: Ajratish oson: amalga oshishi mumkin bo'lsa — hope (I hope it doesn't rain), bo'lmaydigan yoki o'tib ketgan bo'lsa — wish (I wish it weren't raining).
Misollar tarjimasi bilan
- I wish I had a bigger flat.Qani endi kattaroq kvartiram bo'lsa (hozir yo'q).
- If only it weren't so cold today!Bugun bunchalik sovuq bo'lmasa edi!
- I wish I had studied harder at school.Maktabda yaxshiroq o'qiganimda edi (o'qimadim).
- She wishes she could speak French.U fransuzcha gapira olishni istaydi.
- I wish my neighbours would turn the music down.Qani endi qo'shnilarim musiqani pasaytirsa.
- If only I hadn't lost my wallet!Hamyonimni yo'qotmaganimda edi!
O'zbeklar ko'p qiladigan xatolar
I wish I have a car.I wish I had a car.
Hozirgi orzu uchun 'wish' dan keyin Past Simple.
I wish I didn't go to that party yesterday.I wish I hadn't gone to that party yesterday.
O'tmishdagi afsus uchun Past Perfect: hadn't gone.
I wish I would be rich.I wish I were rich.
O'zingiz haqida 'wish I would' ishlatilmaydi; 'be' bilan were/was.
I wish you will pass the exam.I hope you pass the exam.
Real istak (bo'lishi mumkin) uchun 'hope', 'wish' emas. O'zbekcha 'tilayman' ikkalasiga ham o'xshaydi.
Video dars
Mavzuni video orqali ham ko'ring. Video muallifi: BBC Learning English; tugmani bossangiz, video shu yerda ochiladi.
Videoni ko'rish: Grammar: 5 different ways to use 'wish' in EnglishMavzuga oid so'zlar
| So'z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| regret | afsuslanmoq | I regret it — I wish I hadn't said that. |
| complain | shikoyat qilmoq | Stop complaining! I wish you would relax. |
| freezing | juda sovuq | It's freezing — I wish I had a warmer coat. |
| noisy | shovqinli | I wish my street weren't so noisy. |
| dream | orzu | My dream is to travel; I wish I had more money. |
| turn down | (ovozini) pasaytirmoq | I wish you would turn the TV down. |
| waste | behuda sarflamoq | I wish I hadn't wasted so much time. |
| fluent | ravon | If only I were fluent in English! |
O'zingiz gapirib ko'ring
Ilovada bu vazifalarni ovoz chiqarib yoki yozib bajarasiz, javobingizni AI tekshiradi. Hozir namunaga qarab o'zingiz urinib ko'ring.
Yozing: Hozirgi hayotingizda o'zgartirmoqchi bo'lgan ikki narsani yozing (I wish + Past Simple / could).
Namuna: I wish I lived closer to my office. I wish I could speak Korean.
Gapiring: O'tmishdagi ikki afsusingizni aytib bering (I wish I had / hadn't + V3).
Namuna: I wish I had started learning English earlier. I wish I hadn't wasted so much time on games at school.
Yozing: Atrofingizdagi odamlarning sizni bezovta qiladigan odatlari haqida yozing (I wish he/she/they would...).
Namuna: I wish my neighbours would stop playing loud music at night. I wish my brother would clean his room. I wish drivers in my city would stop using their horns all the time.
Gapiring: Shahringiz haqida 'Qani endi...' deb gapiring: nima yetishmaydi va o'tmishda nima boshqacha qilinishi kerak edi (wish/if only + Past va Past Perfect).
Namuna: If only my city had more parks. I wish the metro went to my district. I wish they hadn't cut down the old trees on our street.
Ustoz bilan: Ustoz hayotingizda nimani o'zgartirmoqchi ekaningiz va nimadan afsuslanishingiz haqida so'raydi — I wish / If only bilan javob bering.
Mashq qiling
5 ta savol. Javobni tanlang yoki yozing va «Tekshirish»ni bosing.