Grammatika · B1
Present Perfect: for / since, just / already / yet
I've lived here for 5 years · I've just eaten · Have you finished yet?.
Qoida: For, since, just, already, yet
O'zbekchada 'Men bu yerda 5 yildan beri yashayman' deb hozirgi zamonni ishlatamiz. Ingliz tilida o'tmishda boshlanib, hozir ham davom etayotgan holat uchun Present Perfect kerak: I have lived here for five years. 'I live here for five years' — xato.
| So'z | Ma'nosi | Qayerda | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| for | davomiylik (... davomida) | vaqt oralig'i oldidan | for two hours, for ten years |
| since | boshlanish nuqtasi (...dan beri) | aniq vaqt oldidan | since 2019, since Monday, since I was a child |
| just | hozirgina | have va V3 orasida | I've just woken up. |
| already | allaqachon (kutilganidan oldin) | have va V3 orasida | She has already left. |
| yet | hali (inkor), ...mi? (savol) | gap oxirida | I haven't paid yet. Have you paid yet? |
How long have you + V3? → I have + V3 + for/since ... · have/has + just/already + V3 · haven't + V3 + yet · Have you + V3 + yet?
Maslahat: Since dan keyin Past Simple gap kelishi mumkin: I've loved music since I was a child. Bosh gap Present Perfect, 'since' qismi Past Simple.
Misollar tarjimasi bilan
- How long have you known Sardor? — I've known him since school.Sardorni qachondan beri taniysiz? — Maktabdan beri.
- We have had this car for six years.Bu mashina bizda olti yildan beri bor.
- The film has just started.Film hozirgina boshlandi.
- I have already done the shopping.Men xarid qilib bo'ldim.
- Has the bus come yet? — No, it hasn't come yet.Avtobus keldimi? — Yo'q, hali kelmadi.
O'zbeklar ko'p qiladigan xatolar
I live in Tashkent since 2018.I have lived in Tashkent since 2018.
Hozirgacha davom etayotgan holat — Present Perfect, Present Simple emas.
I have worked here since three years.I have worked here for three years.
Vaqt oralig'i (three years) — 'for'; boshlanish nuqtasi (2021) — 'since'.
I have finished yet.I have already finished.
'Yet' faqat inkor va savolda; tasdiqda 'already'.
I haven't yet finished it my homework.I haven't finished my homework yet.
'Yet' gap oxiriga qo'yiladi.
Video dars
Mavzuni video orqali ham ko'ring. Video muallifi: IBRAT FARZANDLARI; tugmani bossangiz, video shu yerda ochiladi.
Videoni ko'rish: For Since Ago | 19-dars | Ingliz tilini 0 dan o'rganish
Videoni ko'rish: Still, any, more, yet, already | 148-dars | Ingliz tilini 0 dan o'rganishMavzuga oid so'zlar
| So'z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| since | ...dan beri | I've been here since nine o'clock. |
| already | allaqachon | She has already booked the tickets. |
| yet | hali; ...mi (savolda) | Has the doctor arrived yet? |
| just | hozirgina | I've just finished my lunch. |
| married | uylangan, turmushga chiqqan | My parents have been married for 30 years. |
| own | egalik qilmoq | We have owned this house since 2010. |
| receive | olmoq (xat, sovg'a) | Have you received my email yet? |
| reply | javob bermoq | He hasn't replied to my message yet. |
O'zingiz gapirib ko'ring
Ilovada bu vazifalarni ovoz chiqarib yoki yozib bajarasiz, javobingizni AI tekshiradi. Hozir namunaga qarab o'zingiz urinib ko'ring.
Yozing: Qayerda yashashingiz va o'qish/ishingiz haqida 2 ta gap yozing — Present Perfect + for yoki since ishlating.
Namuna: I have lived in Namangan since 2010. I have studied English for two years.
Gapiring: Bugungi ishlaringiz haqida gapiring: nimani hozirgina qildingiz (just), nimani allaqachon (already), nimani hali qilmadingiz (yet).
Namuna: I have just had lunch. I have already answered my emails. I haven't called my mother yet.
Yozing: Eng yaqin do'stingiz, telefoningiz va sevimli mashg'ulotingiz haqida 'How long?' savoliga javob yozing — for/since bilan.
Namuna: I have known Aziz since we were seven. I have had this phone for a year. I have played chess since 2018.
Gapiring: Do'stingizga 'How long have you...?' bilan 2 ta savol bering va o'zingiz ham ikkita javob bering.
Namuna: How long have you lived in Tashkent? How long have you worked at the bank? I have lived here for five years. I have worked as a teacher since 2020.
Ustoz bilan: Ustoz qachondan beri o'qishingiz, ishlashingiz, yashashingizni va bugungi ishlaringizni so'raydi — for/since, just/already/yet bilan javob bering.
Mashq qiling
5 ta savol. Javobni tanlang yoki yozing va «Tekshirish»ni bosing.