Talabalar kengashi saylovi: inglizcha iboralar (C1)
Vaziyat: Talabalar kengashiga saylov oldidan raqibingiz bilan ochiq debatdasiz. Bu sahifada shu vaziyat uchun 5 ta inglizcha ibora — o'zbekcha tarjimasi, izohi va misoli bilan, namuna dialog va qisqa mashq.
5 ta asosiy ibora
With respect, that promise is made every year and never kept.
Hurmat bilan aytsam, bu va'da har yili beriladi va hech qachon bajarilmaydi.
With respect — hurmat bilan (aslida e'tirozdan oldingi muloyim kirish). is made ... and never kept — beriladi va bajarilmaydi (passiv). keep a promise — va'dani bajarmoq.
Let's focus on what's actually achievable this year.
Keling, bu yil haqiqatan nima qilish mumkinligiga e'tibor qarataylik.
focus on — ...ga e'tibor qaratmoq. actually achievable — haqiqatan erishib bo'ladigan. Raqibning katta va'dalariga real reja bilan javob.
Having spoken to over two hundred students, I know what they want.
Ikki yuzdan ortiq talaba bilan gaplashib chiqdim, ular nima istashini bilaman.
Having spoken to ... — ... bilan gaplashib bo'lib (avval gaplashdim, shuning uchun bilaman). over two hundred — ikki yuzdan ortiq. Dalilga tayanish ishonch uyg'otadi.
My opponent makes it sound easy, but who's going to pay for it?
Raqibim buni oson qilib ko'rsatyapti, lekin buning pulini kim to'laydi?
make it sound easy — oson qilib ko'rsatmoq (make + ob'ekt + fe'l, to siz). pay for — ...ning pulini to'lamoq. Ritorik savol — debatning kuchli quroli.
Judge me on what I've done, not on what I promise.
Meni va'dalarimga qarab emas, qilgan ishlarimga qarab baholang.
Judge me on ... — meni ...ga qarab baholang. what I've done — qilgan ishlarim (natija hozir ko'rinadi). Ikki qismli parallel tuzilma esda qoladi.
Namuna dialog
Bu namuna: darsdagi 5 ibora suhbatda ketma-ket qanday ishlatilishini ko'rsatadi. Suhbatdosh — a rival candidate in a student council election debate. Ustoz bilan haqiqiy suhbatda savol va javoblar boshqacha bo'lishi mumkin.
- Siz: With respect, that promise is made every year and never kept. — Hurmat bilan aytsam, bu va'da har yili beriladi va hech qachon bajarilmaydi.
- Suhbatdosh: I see. — Tushunarli.
- Siz: Let's focus on what's actually achievable this year. — Keling, bu yil haqiqatan nima qilish mumkinligiga e'tibor qarataylik.
- Suhbatdosh: Right. — Shunday.
- Siz: Having spoken to over two hundred students, I know what they want. — Ikki yuzdan ortiq talaba bilan gaplashib chiqdim, ular nima istashini bilaman.
- Suhbatdosh: Okay. — Xo'p.
- Siz: My opponent makes it sound easy, but who's going to pay for it? — Raqibim buni oson qilib ko'rsatyapti, lekin buning pulini kim to'laydi?
- Suhbatdosh: (javob beradi)
- Siz: Judge me on what I've done, not on what I promise. — Meni va'dalarimga qarab emas, qilgan ishlarimga qarab baholang.
Grammatika: Having spoken to ... — tajriba bilan dalillash
Having + V3 gap boshida asosiy fikrning asosini ko'rsatadi: I have spoken to over two hundred students, so I know ... → Having spoken to over two hundred students, I know ... . Qisqa, rasmiy va ishonarli. Egasi bir xil bo'lishi shart: gaplashgan ham, biladigan ham — I. "Having spoken to students, it is clear ..." — xato. Having dan keyin V3: spoken ("Having spoke" — xato).
- Having studied the budget, I can say it's realistic. — Byudjetni o'rganib chiqib, bu real deb ayta olaman.
- Having served on the council, she knows how it works. — Kengashda ishlagani uchun u qanday ishlashini biladi.
- Having listened to both sides, I've made my decision. — Ikki tomonni ham tinglab, qarorimni qildim.
Batafsil qoida: Participle clauses (Having finished…, Built in 1900…) →
Mashq qiling
5 ta savol. Javobni tanlang yoki yozing va «Tekshirish»ni bosing.